Rearranging addends after All partitions of a set - preliminary considerations.

Armed with our iterator-based implementation, it’s easy to tweak it to generate the sequence according to the following representation:

where $k_j$ is the count (or maybe the kount?) of times that addend $n_j$ appears in the specific sum.

We just have to produce an iterator that takes our iterator as input, and produces the different sequences.

Too complicated? Another way of seeing this is: let’s group all addends that have the same value and keep a count of their occurrences, so that instead of this:

6 = 6
6 = 5 + 1
6 = 4 + 2
6 = 4 + 1 + 1
6 = 3 + 3
6 = 3 + 2 + 1
6 = 3 + 1 + 1 + 1
6 = 2 + 2 + 2
6 = 2 + 2 + 1 + 1
6 = 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
6 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1

we write this:

6 = (1 * 6)
6 = (1 * 5) + (1 * 1)
6 = (1 * 4) + (1 * 2)
6 = (1 * 4) + (2 * 1)
6 = (2 * 3)
6 = (1 * 3) + (1 * 2) + (1 * 1)
6 = (1 * 3) + (3 * 1)
6 = (3 * 2)
6 = (2 * 2) + (2 * 1)
6 = (1 * 2) + (4 * 1)
6 = (6 * 1)

where (X * Y) means X occurrences of value Y.

Let’s take a look at the implementation:

sub int_sums_iterator ...;

sub compactify ($it) {
   return sub {
      my $list = $it->() or return;
      my @retval;
      for my $item ($list->@*) {
         if (@retval && $item == $retval[-1][1]) {
            $retval[-1][0]++;
         }
         else {
            push @retval, [1, $item];
         }
      }
      return \@retval;
   }
}

my $it = int_sums_iterator(shift || 3); # from previous posts...
my $cit = compactify($it);
while (my $list = $cit->()) {
   say join ' + ', map { '(' . join(' * ', $_->@*) . ')' } $list->@*;
}

The new iterator is built around the previous one. It still gives out lists wrapped in anonymous arrays, but this time its items are not integer scalars but anonymous arrays themselves, where the first item is the count of occurrences and the second item is the number appearing in the specific decomposition.

We hope that this will be… useful for our goal 😅